Clinical effects of combination anorganic bovine-derived hydroxyapatite matrix(ABM)/cell binding peptide (P-15) in periodontal intrabony defects / 대한치주과학회지

The ultimate goal of periodontal theraphy is the regeneration of periodontal tissue which has been lost due to destructive periodontal disease. To achieve periodontal regeneration, various kinds of methods have been investigated and developed, including guided tissue regeneration and bone graft. Bone graft can be catagorized into autografts, allografts, xenografts, bone substitutes. And materials of all types have different biological activity and the capacity for periodontal regeneration, but ideal graft material has not been developed that fits all the requirement of ideal bone graft material. Intensive research is underway to identity, purify, synthesize a variety biologic modulators that may enhance wound healing and regeneration of lost tissues in periodontal therapy. The present study evaluates the effects of ABM/P-15 on the periodontal regeneration in intrabony defects of human. We used thirty four 2-wall or 3-wall osseous defects in premolars and molars of chronic periodontitis patient that have more than 5mm pockets and more than 3mm in intrabony defect. 12 negative control group underwent flap procedure only, 11 positive control group received DFDBA graft with flap procedure, and 11 experimental group received ABM/P-15 graft with flap procedure. The changes of probing pocket depth, loss of attachment and bone probing depth following 6months after treatment revealed the following results: 1. The changes of probing pocket depth showed a statistically significant decrease between after scaling and 6months after treatment in negative control(2.0+/-0.9mm), positive control(3.0+/-0.9mm), and experimental group (3.4+/-1.5mm) (P<0.01). Significantly more reduction was seen in experimental group compared to negative control group (P<0.05). 2. The changes of loss of attachment showed a statistically significant decrease between after scaling and 6months after treatment in positive control(2.0+/-0.6mm), and experimental group (2.2+/-1.0mm) except negative control group(0.1+/-0.7mm) (P<0.01). Significantly more reduction was seen in both experimental and positive control group compared to negative control group (P<0.05). 3. The changes of bone probing depth showed a statistically significant decrease between after scaling and 6months after treatment in positive control(2.7+/-1.0mm), and experimental group (3.4+/-1.3mm) except negative control(0.1+/-0.9mm) (P<0.01). Significantly more reduction was seen in both experimental and positive control group compared to negative control group (P<0.05). The results suggest that the use of ABM/P-15 in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects can reduce loss of attachment and bone probing depth more than flap operation only. It suggests that ABM/P-15 may be an effective bone graft material for the regeneration of periodontal tissue in intrabony defects.

A Comparative Study of MRI Findings of Experimentally Induced Rapid Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) and Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) in Rabbits

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of MR imaging in the differential diagnosis of the underlying causes of early-stage acute renal failure (ARF) by comparing the MRI findings of experimentally-induced crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experimental CGN was induced by injecting anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody into six rabbits, and ATN by injecting glycerol solution into six rabbits. A normal control group of three rabbits was also used. Renal MR imaging (T1-and T2-weighted coronal images and dynamic MRI : DMRI) was performed the day before, and one, four, and seven days after the induction of CGN; and immediately before, and four, and eight hours, and one, four, and seven days after the induction of ATN. Sequential renal gun-biopsies and blood sampling (serum creatinine, sCr) were performed. Renal area, corticomedullary differentiation(CMD), and the passage of Gd-DTPA (pattern of dark band), as seen on MRI, were analyzed and correlated with serial change of sCr. RESULTS: In normal kidneys, CMD was clearly apparent on both T1- and T2-weighted images. DMRI demonstrated a progressively inwardly migrating dark band in the kidneys. CMD was relatively clearly demonstrated in the ATN group but less clearly identified in the CGN group. Renal size (area) and sCr gradually increased in both the CGN and ATN groups, and dark bands were moderately to poorly defined in both. CONCLUSION: We conclude that DMRI could be used to differentiate and evaluate disease processing and compromised renal function in cases of CGN and ATN. On T1- and T2-weighted images, CMD was relatively well preserved in the ATN group, but was less clear in the CGN group. These MRI findings may be helpful for differentiation of the underlying causes of early-stage ARF, particularly between CGN and ATN.

Gd-DTPA Enhanced Dynamic Renal MR Imaging of Experimentally

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of Gd-DTPA-enhanced dynamic MRI (DMRI) in earlydiagnosis and the assessment of disease processing in experimentally-induced crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN)in rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In six rabbits, CGN was induced by an injection of anti-glomerular basementmembrane Ab. A time-signal intensity curve (TSC) was obtained from DMRI on the day before, and at 1, 4, 7, 15, 45and 113 days after the induction of CGN. Sequential renal biopsies and blood sampling (serum creatinine) wereperformed on the same days, and the results of DMRI and TSC, were compared. RESULTS: In normal kidneys, sequentialDMRI demonstrated the intratubular passage of Gd-DTPA as an inwardly migrating, thin, dark, band pattern. On days1 and 4, the thin dark band appeared but was poorly defined and TSC revealed a delay in peak time. On days 7 and15, movement of the band was seen to be weak and slow, and there was no centripetal migration. The maximal signalintensity of TSC was delayed, and the curves declined very slowly. On days 45 and 113, the dark band pattern wasvery weak and slow, and again there was no centripetal migration. CONCLUSION: GD-DTPA-enhanced DMRI may be ofvalue in the evaluation of disease processing and the severity of CGN.

Antimicrobial and clinical effects of mouthrinses of acid water prepared by an electrolysis apparatus on chronic periodontitis / 대한치주과학회지

The purpose of this study was to assess the antimicrobial and clinical effects of acid water mouthrinse prepared by an electrolysis apparatus on chronic periodontitis and to evaluate the lasting period of these effects. The change in the pattern of colonization of bacteria within the subgingival pockets was monitored by phase contrast microscopy, in 40 patients, over a period of 8 weeks. In addition, changes in the clinical parameters of the diseased sites were also monitored. Site of pocket > or = 5mm was selected in each patient randomly divided into two groups. As a test group, acid water mouthrinse was used twice a day in 20 patients. As control, no mouthrinse was used in 20 patients The results were as follows: 1. The suppression of motile bacteria was maintained for up to 3-4 weeks at test group. 2. Two groups did not differ significantly in proportion of bacteria in subgingival plaque over a period of 8 weeks. 3. Loss of attachment showed a significant difference in test group and in test group compared with control group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in control group. 4. No statistical difference was shown in two groups concerning the gingival index, plaque index, bleeding index. The results suggest that acid water mouthrinse is effective for reducing subgingival bacteria. It can be concluded that acid water may be useful as an mouthrinsing agent.

Morphologic Classification of Ductal Breast Tumors on Ultrasound: Differential Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Tumors

PURPOSE: To evaluate the morphologic differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ductal breast tumors, as seen on US. MATERIALS AND METHODS: US findings in 29 pathologically proven cases of ductal breast tumor were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were female and their mean age was 42 years. Nineteen tumors were benign and ten were malignant, and all ductal or cystic lesions showed solid masses. According to the location of the mural nodule, we classified the sonographic appearance of these tumors into three types : intraductal, intracystic and amorphic. The intraductal type was divided into three subtypes: incompletely obstructive, completely obstructive and multiple mural nodules. For the intracystic type, too, three subtypes were designated : the intracystic mural nodule (mural cyst), intracystic mural nodule with the duct (mural cyst+duct) and intracystic multiple mural nodules. The amorphic type is defined as an atypical ductal tumor with the mural nodule extending into adjacent parenchyma. RESULTS: The margin of the duct or cyst was smooth in 68.4% of benign, and irregular in 90% of malignant ductal tumors. Internal echogeneity of the duct or cyst usually showed homogeneity in both benign and malignant tumors. 73.7% of tumors connecting the duct were benign and 50% were malignant. In benign tumors, 52.6% of mural nodule had an irregular margin, while in malignant tumors, the corresponding proportion was 100% ; both types usually showed heterogeneous hypoechogeneity. Among benign tumors, the most common morphologic type was the intraductal incompletely obstructive subtype (36.8%) ; among those that were malignant, the amorphic type was most common, accounting for 40% of tumors. No amorphic type was benign and no incompletely obstructive subtype was malignant. CONCLUSION: When ductal breast tumors are morphologically classified on the basis of sonographic findings, the intraductal incompletely obstructive subtype suggests benignancy, and the amorphic type, malignancy. The morphologic classification of ductal breast tumors based on sonography is therefore useful for the differential diagnosis of benignancy and malignancy.

Efficacy of Enteroclysis through Miller-Abbott Tube for Decompression in Patients with Postoperative Intestinal Obstruction

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of enteroclysis through the previously inserted Miller-Abbott (M-A) tube for decompression in the postoperative intestinal obstruction. MATERIALS & METHODS: This study includes twenty patients who had intestinal obstruction symptoms after operation for benign(12) ormalignant(8) abdominal lesions. Small amount of barium was introduced to M-A tube for enteroclysis. We evaluated the presence, level, degree, and causes of obstruction on enteroclysis, compared with surgical(11) and clinical(9)findings. RESULTS: Obstruction was seen in 18 cases including the two cases in which the level of obstruction wasnot clear. There was no obstruction in two cases. Obstruction on enteroclysis was demonstrated in all 11 operated cases(100% accuracy, 11/11). The level of obstruction on enteroclysis were jejunum in three cases, ileum in seven,and colon in one case. The levels of obstruction on enteroclysis were matched with those in operation field in 10 cases. There were two cases of nonobstruction, nine cases of low-grade partial obstruction, and nine cases of high-grade partial obstruction. We analyzed the findings on enteroclysis regarding causes of obstruction in 16 patients with the findings of adhesive bands of extrinsic cause(9), cancer recurrence of intrinsic cause(6), and bezoar of intraluminal cause(1). Misinterpreted cases were two cases(87.7% accuracy, 14/16). The cause, for nonvisualization of obstruction site on enteroclysis in four patients included technical failure such asin adequate location of tube(1) and bowel overlapping(1), minimal obstruction(1), and nonexistent obstruction(1), in spite of diffuse edematous mucosa. CONCLUSION: Enteroclysis through the M-A tube for decompression in patients with postoperative intestinal obstruction is an useful method for evaluation of intestinal obstruction.

Imaging Features of Tuberculous Mastitis: Comparison with non-Tuberculous Mastitis

PURPOSE: The purpose of this report is to evaluate the characteristic findings of tuberculosis of the breast on mammogram, sonogram, and CT and to compare the results with the imaging features of non-tuberculous mastitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using mammograms and sonograms, nine cases of tuberculosis of the breast were evaluated, and for four cases, CT was used. Aspects evaluated were contour, shape and size of the lesion, homogeneity ofinternal content, and extension of the lesion from/to the adjacent organs. Diagnosis was based on aspiration,surgery, and pathologic findings including acid-fast bacillus (AFB) staining. Mammograms and sonograms of 19 patients with non-tuberculous mastitis of the breast were reviewed. RESULTS: No cases of tuberculous mastitis presented clinical evidence of acute inflammation such as fever, swelling or skin redness. Nine cases of tuberculous mastitis were seen as a distinct mass on mammogram and sonogram. Four of nine cases (44.4%) showed arelatively smooth peripheral margin on mammogram and a cold abscess form on sonogram and CT. There were other fociof tuberculosis in the chest wall, anterior mediastinum, pleural cavity or lung. Five cases demonstrated as a nodular type on US. In the non-tuberculous mastitis group, an abscess with distinct margin or direct contiguity between a breast lesion and the adjacent organ was observed neither on mammogram nor on sonogram. CONCLUSION: Inan afebrile patient, relative homogeneous density with distinct margin in the breast on mammogram and a fistulous connection or direct continuity between breast abscess form with the adjacent organ on sonogram or CT is acharacteristic feature of the tuberculous mastitis. The cold abscess type is a frequent subtypes of this entity, and must also be included.

Primary Tracheobronchial Amyloidosis: A Case Report

Localized pulmonary amyloidosis is a rare disease characterized by a deposition of amyloid limited to the lungs. We report a case of primary tracheobronchial amyloidosis which resulted in collapse of left lung and was confirmed by the Congo-red staining.

Primary Tracheobronchial Amyloidosis: A Case Report

Localized pulmonary amyloidosis is a rare disease characterized by a deposition of amyloid limited to the lungs. We report a case of primary tracheobronchial amyloidosis which resulted in collapse of left lung and was confirmed by the Congo-red staining.